What is Celiac Disease? Here’s What You Need to Know

Celiac disease is a serious autoimmune disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the body’s immune system reacts to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, that damages the small intestine in the process. This damage can make it difficult for the body to absorb essential nutrients, leading to a wide range of symptoms and health issues. If you have this disease, you can meet with Cameron Health’s Gastroenterology (GI) team to learn more about celiac disease.

Symptoms of Celiac Disease

Celiac disease can manifest in many ways, and symptoms can vary from person to person.

Common signs include:

  • Digestive issues such as bloating, diarrhea, constipation, or stomach pain
  • Fatigue and general weakness
  • Unexplained weight loss or difficulty gaining weight
  • Skin rashes, such as dermatitis herpetiformis
  • Anemia due to nutrient deficiencies
  • Bone or joint pain
  • Neurological symptoms like headaches, numbness, or “brain fog”

It’s important to note that some people with celiac disease may have no obvious digestive symptoms, which is why the condition can go undiagnosed for years.

Causes and Risk Factors

Celiac disease is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. People with a family history of celiac disease are at higher risk, as are individuals with other autoimmune conditions, such as type 1 diabetes or thyroid disease.

Diagnosis

If celiac disease is suspected, a healthcare provider may recommend:

  • Blood tests to check for specific antibodies
  • Endoscopy with biopsy of the small intestine to confirm damage

It’s important not to start a gluten-free diet before testing, as this can interfere with accurate diagnosis.

Treatment and Management

Currently, the only effective treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. This allows the small intestine to heal and prevents further damage. People with celiac disease should avoid all foods containing wheat, barley, rye, and any products derived from these grains.

Working with a registered dietitian can be extremely helpful for planning a balanced, gluten-free diet and avoiding hidden sources of gluten in processed foods or cross-contaminated meals.

With proper management, people with celiac disease can lead healthy, active lives. Staying informed, reading food labels carefully, and advocating for yourself when dining out or shopping for groceries are essential habits. Cameron Health is here for you every step of the way. Contact Cameron GI today: Gastroenterology | Cameron Health.

The information provided in this article is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as, nor should it be considered a substitute for, professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Always consult your physician or another qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or before starting any new treatment. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of the contents of these articles.

Related Health Library Resources